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(NUMBER 1)
(1a)
E-commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet.
(1b)
(i)Email
(ii)Electronic data interchange
(iii)Use of web browser
(1c)
Important of any five ancillary service to trade
(COMMUNICATION)
(i)Modern communication systems provide means of sending and receiving information at faster rates
(ii)Modern means of communications have brought the whole world together into one economic unit
(iii)Mail order business came into existence through the help of communication
(iv) The use of wireless has made it possible for ships in mid ocean and aeroplanes in mid – air to be controlled and directed
(v) The use of telegraphic money transfer has helped to lessen the problem of international indebtedness
(NUMBER 2)
(2a)
(i)name of partners
(ii)The role of the partners
(iii)The amount of capitals contributed by each partner
(iv)The role of the partner in the business
(v) How profits and losses are to be shared
(2b)
(i)Sales of shares
(ii)Trade credit
(iii)Debentures
(iv)Hire purchases
(v)Bill of exchanges
((2C)
(i)The expiration of the agreed life span of the partnership as stated on its partnership
(ii)The death of a partner especially the active partner in the limited partnership
(iii) Through the mutual consent of all partners
(iv)Admission of a new partner into the partnership
(v)Retirement of partners
NO 3A*
*5 Main Factors Influencing Channel of Distribution*
*(A) Product Considerations:*
The nature and type of product helps in determining a decision about channel of distribution.
*(i) Price of Product:*
A high priced product will have less middlemen because the number of buyers will be limited. On the other hand, a low priced product with large number of buyers will require more channels of middlemen to reach the customers. A manufacturer will not be able to deal directly with large number of buyers.
*(ii) Weight:*
Heavy and bulky products will have to be sold directly to reduce handling costs. Coal, stones, cement, etc. are some of the examples. Light products, on the other hand, will require more middlemen.
*(iii) Standardisation:*
When a product is standardised it will have universal clientele and may need more middlemen for reaching far off customers. If a product is non-standardised or is produced as per the specifications of the buyer then it cannot have more middlemen.
*(iv) Product Nature:*
A product of perishable nature cannot have more middlemen because it will have to reach the consumer at the earliest. Bread manufacturers normally have a direct contact with retailers.
(5ai)
Personal selling is where businesses use people (the “sales force”) to sell the product after meeting face-to-face with the customer.
(5aii)
Sales promotion is the process of persuading a potential customer to buy the product. Sales promotion is designed to be used as a short-term tactic to boost sales
(5b)
-Merits of Advertising-
(i)Mass Reach- Advertising is a communication medium which can reach a wide range of people over a broad geological region.
(ii)Boosting customer contentment and confidence- It creates a sense of assurance amidst potential customers as they are contented and comforted about the quality of the product and thus feel more relaxed.
(iii)Expressiveness- As because of the progress of graphic designing, art and computer skills, advertisement has changed into one of the most aggressive weapon of communication.
(iv)Economy- Advertising by far is the most economic medium of communication for creating mass awareness.
-Demerits of Advertising-
(i)Less Forceful- Being an impersonal medium of communication, it is less forceful when compared to personal selling.
(ii)Lack of feedback- It is not possible to study the efficiency of advertising message as it is not possible to gather immediate and precise feedback of the message communicated.
(iii)Inflexibility- Advertising is not very flexible because of non-standardization and is not custom made to meet the necessities of the various groups of customers.
(iv)Low effectiveness- Because of the growth in volume of advertising is becoming impossible to make advertising message heard by the prospective group of consumers.
(6a)
(i)Control
(ii)Motivation
(iii)Emotional expression
(iv)Information
(6b)
(i)Interpersonal Communication-
Interpersonal interaction, some times referred to as dyadic communication, usually occurs one-on-one or between a limited number of people.
(ii)Small Group Communication- Much of our professional life takes place in small groups, as we often play a role in work teams, committees, boards or other collections of people. However, simply working alongside three other people does not technically qualify you as a small group
(iii)Public Speaking- use of public speaking as a means of persuasion. Today, public speaking continues to thrive as the dominant form of communication in several facets of society—religion, education, politics, government and law.
(iv)Mediated Communication- Mediated communication includes messages that pass through a channel outside of the sender and receiver. Examples include traditional mass media (print, radio, television, film) as well as digital devices (smart phones, MP3 players, computers).
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